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Fred Whitlam
Harry Frederick Ernest "Fred" Whitlam (3 April 1884 – 8 December 1961) was Australia's Crown Solicitor from 1936 to 1949, and a pioneer of international human rights law in Australia. He was the father of Prime Minister Gough Whitlam, and had a great influence on his son's values and interests.
== Early life ==
Whitlam was born in Prahran, a suburb of Melbourne, and was educated at a local state school before winning a scholarship to Wesley College, Melbourne. In 1900 he took first place in the Victorian Public Service clerical examination and joined the Department of Lands and Survey. After Federation he transferred to the Commonwealth Public Service, joining the Commonwealth Crown Solicitor's Office. In 1911 he moved to the land tax branch of the Treasury, where he employed the young John McEwen (later Prime Minister) as a clerk. He studied at the University of Melbourne, graduating in law in 1914.
Whitlam married Martha ('Mattie') Maddocks in September 1914.〔According to Cameron Hazlehurst they were married in the Collins Street Baptist Church. Oakes and Solomon, however, say that the family was Presbyterian (Cameron Hazlehurst, "Whitlam, Harry Frederick Ernest (1884–1961)", ''Australian Dictionary of Biography'', Volume 16, Melbourne University Press, 2002, 540–541; Laurie Oakes and David Solomon, ''The Making of an Australian Prime Minister, Cheshire 1973, 49).〕 Gough Whitlam was born at the house built for Fred and Mattie, by Edward Maddocks, Mattie's Father 'Ngara' 46 Rowland St. Kew in Melbourne in 1916 and Freda Whitlam in Sydney in 1920 – she became principal of Presbyterian Ladies' College, Sydney and later moderator of the New South Wales Synod of the Uniting Church.
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